Comparative Study of Volatile Compounds in Mayas Rice Under Organic Fertilizer Treatment Using GC-MS Analysis
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Abstract
Rice aroma is an important quality attribute determined by volatile compounds, which are influenced by cultivation practices, including fertilization. However, information regarding the effects of organic fertilization on the volatile profile of local aromatic Mayas rice remains limited. This study aims to identify volatile compounds produced from Mayas rice treated with organic fertilizer. This study was conducted in Kutai Lama Village, East Kalimantan, Indonesia, from March 2022 to March 2023. Mayas rice was cultivated under two fertilization systems: inorganic fertilizers (200 kg ha⁻¹ urea, 100 kg ha⁻¹ SP-36, and 100 kg ha⁻¹ KCl) and shrimp shell-based organic fertilizer (20 kg ha⁻¹). Rice grains were harvested at maturity, dried, milled, and analyzed for volatile compounds. Aroma profiling was performed at the Indonesian Center for Biodiversity and Biotechnology (ICBB) using GC–MS. Volatile compounds were extracted with n-hexane, identified using the NIST library, and compared based on their relative peak areas. The results of GC-MS analysis of aromatic compounds in Mayas rice in organic fertilizer treatment obtained 81 compounds, while in inorganic fertilizer treatment, only 59 aromatic compounds were obtained. GC-MS analysis revealed that the aromatic compound profiles in the organically fertilized Mayas Rice were more complex than those in the inorganic fertilized Mayas Rice. The differences were seen based on the diversity of aldehyde compounds, terpenoids, esters, aromatic alcohols, and heterocyclic compounds identified.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Nur Hidayat, Rusmini, Silvia Darmans, La Mudi, Frans Alexander A Fukom, Ihsan Tri Rengganis
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